diff --git a/include/char.h b/include/char.h
index 4959d05..6aabdcc 100644
--- a/include/char.h
+++ b/include/char.h
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ int
 is_valid(const Vec8_t* vec);
 
 Vec8_t
-create(const char* buf, const int len);
+create(const char* buf, const size_t len);
 
 Vec8_t
 push_back(Vec8_t* vec, const char val);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ Vec8_t
 clear(const Vec8_t* vec);
 
 char
-at(const Vec8_t* vec, int idx);
+at(const Vec8_t* vec, const size_t idx);
 
 void
 print_vec(const Vec8_t* vec);
diff --git a/include/utils.h b/include/utils.h
index a568356..657dfa2 100644
--- a/include/utils.h
+++ b/include/utils.h
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@
 #define FAILURE 1
 #define ERR_ALLOC_FAIL 20
 #define ERR_BUF_NULL 21
-#define ERR_BAD_TYPE 22
-#define ERR_SIZE_ZERO 23
-#define ERR_VECTOR_NULL 24
-#define ERR_MAX_PASSED 25
-#define ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS 26
+#define ERR_SIZE_ZERO 22
+#define ERR_VECTOR_NULL 23
+#define ERR_MAX_PASSED 24
+#define ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS 25
+#define ERR_NULL 26
+#define ERR_DOUBLE_BUF 27
 
 extern const char* error_messages[];
 
diff --git a/src/char.c b/src/char.c
index 54ba389..7821264 100644
--- a/src/char.c
+++ b/src/char.c
@@ -24,24 +24,27 @@ is_valid(const Vec8_t* vec)
 	return SUCCESS;
 }
 
-// If -1 for len, returns a blank Vector with no allocated memory
 Vec8_t
-create(const char* buf, const int len)
+create(const char* buf, const size_t len)
 {
 	Vec8_t dst = { NULL, 0, CAPACITY, VEC_MAX };
+	if (len > dst.capacity)
+	{
+		while (len > dst.capacity) dst.capacity *= 2;
+	}
 	if (len > 0)
 	{
-		char* dst_buf = calloc(CAPACITY, sizeof(char));
+		char* dst_buf = calloc(dst.capacity, sizeof(char));
+		if (!dst_buf)
+		{
+			LOGERROR(ERR_ALLOC_FAIL);
+			return dst;
+		}
 		dst.arr = dst_buf;
 	}
-	if (len == -1)
-	{
-		// LOG("Warning! Buffer was forcibly not allocated.");
-		return dst;
-	}
 	if (buf)
 	{
-		for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < len; i++)
 		{
 			dst.arr[i] = buf[i];
 			dst.size++;
@@ -55,9 +58,9 @@ push_back(Vec8_t* ptr, const char val)
 {
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
 	{
-		return create(nullptr, -1);
+		return create(nullptr, 0);
 	}
-	Vec8_t dst = { NULL, ptr->size, CAPACITY, ptr->max_size };
+	Vec8_t dst = { NULL, ptr->size, ptr->capacity, ptr->max_size };
 
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 	{
@@ -81,10 +84,11 @@ push_back(Vec8_t* ptr, const char val)
 			return dst;
 		}
 		dst.capacity = ptr->capacity * 2;
-		dst_buf = reallocf(ptr->arr, dst.capacity * sizeof(char));
+		dst_buf = realloc(ptr->arr, dst.capacity * sizeof(char));
 		if (!dst_buf)
 		{
 			LOGERROR(ERR_ALLOC_FAIL);
+			dst = *ptr;
 			return dst;
 		}
 	}
@@ -101,7 +105,7 @@ push_back(Vec8_t* ptr, const char val)
 Vec8_t
 pop_back(Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
-	Vec8_t err = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t err = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) != SUCCESS)
 	{
 		return err;
@@ -117,26 +121,43 @@ pop_back(Vec8_t* ptr)
 	return dst;
 }
 
+/*
+ * reallocf failure wipes the buffer — push_back (char.c:89-94), reserve
+ * (char.c:140-147). On alloc failure it frees ptr->arr, then returns arr ==
+ * NULL; caller keeps a dangling pointer. Silent heap corruption.
+ *
+ * */
 Vec8_t
 reserve(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t max_size)
 {
-	Vec8_t ret = create(nullptr, -1);
-	ret.arr = ptr->arr;
+	Vec8_t ret = create(nullptr, 0);
+	if (max_size == 0)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_SIZE_ZERO);
+		return ret;
+	}
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
 	{
 		return ret;
 	}
-	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	ret.arr = ptr->arr;
+	if (is_valid(&ret) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 	{
 		ret.arr = calloc(max_size, sizeof(char));
 	}
-	if (is_valid(ptr) == SUCCESS)
+	else if (is_valid(ptr) == SUCCESS)
 	{
-		ret.arr = reallocf(ret.arr, max_size * sizeof(char));
+		ret.arr = realloc(ret.arr, max_size * sizeof(char));
+		if (!ret.arr)
+		{
+			LOGERROR(ERR_ALLOC_FAIL);
+			ret = *ptr;
+			return ret;
+		}
 		ret.size = ptr->size;
 		if (ret.size > max_size)
 		{
-			for (int i = max_size - 1; i > ret.size; i--)
+			for (size_t i = max_size; i < ret.size; i++)
 			{
 				ret.arr[i] = 0;
 			}
@@ -151,13 +172,19 @@ reserve(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t max_size)
 Vec8_t
 shrink_to_fit(Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
+	if (is_valid(ptr) != SUCCESS) return create(nullptr, 0);
+	if (ptr->size == 0)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_SIZE_ZERO);
+		return create(nullptr, 0);
+	}
 	return reserve(ptr, ptr->size);
 }
 
 int
 swap(Vec8_t* ptr1, Vec8_t* ptr2)
 {
-	Vec8_t empty = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t tmp = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr1) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL ||
 	    is_valid(ptr2) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
 	{
@@ -167,18 +194,21 @@ swap(Vec8_t* ptr1, Vec8_t* ptr2)
 	{
 		return ERR_BUF_NULL;
 	}
-	empty.arr = ptr1->arr;
+	tmp.arr = ptr1->arr;
 	ptr1->arr = ptr2->arr;
-	ptr2->arr = empty.arr;
+	ptr2->arr = tmp.arr;
 
-	empty.capacity = ptr1->capacity;
-	empty.size = ptr1->size;
+	tmp.capacity = ptr1->capacity;
+	tmp.size = ptr1->size;
+	tmp.max_size = ptr1->max_size;
 	ptr1->capacity = ptr2->capacity;
 	ptr1->size = ptr2->size;
+	ptr1->max_size = ptr2->max_size;
 
-	ptr2->capacity = empty.capacity;
-	ptr2->size = empty.size;
-	return 0;
+	ptr2->capacity = tmp.capacity;
+	ptr2->size = tmp.size;
+	ptr2->max_size = tmp.max_size;
+	return SUCCESS;
 }
 
 char*
@@ -192,12 +222,28 @@ data(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 size_t
 capacity(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
+	{
+		return ERR_VECTOR_NULL;
+	}
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	{
+		return ERR_BUF_NULL;
+	}
 	return ptr->capacity;
 }
 
 size_t
 max_size(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
+	{
+		return ERR_VECTOR_NULL;
+	}
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	{
+		return ERR_BUF_NULL;
+	}
 	return ptr->max_size;
 }
 
@@ -213,15 +259,15 @@ delete(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 Vec8_t
 clear(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 	{
 		return dst;
 	}
-	dst.arr = ptr->arr;
-	if (ptr->size > 0)
+	dst = *ptr;
+	if (dst.size > 0)
 	{
-		for (int i = 0; i < ptr->size; i++)
+		for (size_t i = 0; i < dst.size; i++)
 		{
 			dst.arr[i] = 0;
 		}
@@ -231,7 +277,7 @@ clear(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 }
 
 char
-at(const Vec8_t* ptr, const int idx)
+at(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t idx)
 {
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
 	{
@@ -241,12 +287,11 @@ at(const Vec8_t* ptr, const int idx)
 	{
 		return ERR_BUF_NULL;
 	}
-	if (ptr->size <= idx)
+	if (idx >= ptr->size)
 	{
 		fprintf(stderr,
-			"At Index: [%i] is out of bounds for size: [%zu]", idx,
+			"At Index: [%zu] is out of bounds for size: [%zu]", idx,
 			ptr->size);
-		exit(-4);
 		return ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 	}
 	return ptr->arr[idx];
@@ -257,7 +302,7 @@ print_vec(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return;
-	for (int i = 0; i < ptr->size; i++) printf("%c ", at(ptr, i));
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < ptr->size; i++) printf("%c ", ptr->arr[i]);
 	printf("\n");
 }
 
@@ -271,22 +316,28 @@ begin(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 int
 end(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
-	if (is_valid(ptr) == SUCCESS) return (int)(ptr->size - 1);
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == SUCCESS)
+	{
+		if (ptr->size != 0) return (int)(ptr->size - 1);
+		else return FAILURE;
+	}
 	return FAILURE;
 }
 
 char
 front(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL) return FAILURE;
+	if (ptr->size == 0) return FAILURE;
 	return at(ptr, 0);
 }
 
 char
 back(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
-	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL)
-		return at(ptr, (int)ptr->size - 1);
-	return FAILURE;
+	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL) return FAILURE;
+	if (ptr->size == 0) return FAILURE;
+	return at(ptr, ptr->size - 1);
 }
 
 int
@@ -294,14 +345,14 @@ empty(const Vec8_t* ptr)
 {
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return FAILURE;
-	if (ptr->size <= 0) return SUCCESS;
+	if (ptr->size == 0) return SUCCESS;
 	return FAILURE;
 }
 
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 erase(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL) return dst;
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL) return dst;
 	if (iter >= ptr->size) return dst;
@@ -316,10 +367,10 @@ erase(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter)
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 erase(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter_start, const size_t iter_end)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL) return dst;
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL) return dst;
-	if (iter_start < 0 || iter_end > ptr->size) return dst;
+	if (iter_end > ptr->size) return dst;
 	if (iter_start >= iter_end) return dst;
 	dst = *ptr;
 	size_t diff = iter_end - iter_start;
@@ -333,23 +384,59 @@ erase(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter_start, const size_t iter_end)
 	return dst;
 }
 
-// TODO: Redo resize entirely
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 resize(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t size)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return dst;
-	dst = *ptr;
-	if ((0 < size && size != ptr->size && size < ptr->size) ||
-	    is_valid(ptr) == ERR_SIZE_ZERO)
+	if (ptr->size == size)
 	{
-		LOGERROR(ERR_SIZE_ZERO);
+		LOG("ERR :- Ptr size and size are the same");
+		dst = *ptr;
 		return dst;
 	}
-	for (size_t i = size - 1; i < ptr->size; i++)
+
+	else if (ptr->size == 0)
 	{
-		dst.arr[i] = '\0';
+		dst = reserve(&dst, size);
+	}
+
+	else if (size > ptr->max_size)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_MAX_PASSED);
+		dst = *ptr;
+		return dst;
+	}
+	else if (size > ptr->capacity)
+	{
+		size_t tmp = ptr->capacity;
+		while (size > tmp)
+		{
+			tmp *= 2;
+		}
+		dst = reserve(ptr, tmp);
+		if (!dst.arr)
+		{
+			LOGERROR(ERR_BUF_NULL);
+			dst = *ptr;
+			return dst;
+		}
+	}
+	if (size < ptr->size)
+	{
+		dst = *ptr;
+		for (size_t i = ptr->size; i > size; i--)
+		{
+			dst.arr[i] = '\0';
+		}
+	}
+	if (ptr->size < size)
+	{
+		for (size_t i = ptr->size; i < size; i++)
+		{
+			dst.arr[i] = '\0';
+		}
 	}
 	dst.size = size;
 	return dst;
@@ -358,7 +445,7 @@ resize(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t size)
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 resize(Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t size, const char val)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	dst = *ptr;
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return dst;
@@ -382,7 +469,7 @@ resize(Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t size, const char val)
 
 	for (size_t i = ptr->size; i < dst.size; i++)
 	{
-		if (at(&dst, (int)i) >= 0)
+		if (at(&dst, i) >= 0)
 		{
 			dst.arr[i] = val;
 		}
@@ -395,18 +482,23 @@ __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 assign(const Vec8_t* ptr, const Vec8_t* iterator, const size_t iter_start,
        const size_t iter_end)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return dst;
 	if (is_valid(iterator) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL ||
 	    is_valid(iterator) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 		return dst;
-	if (iter_end <= iter_start) return dst;
+	if (iterator->size < iter_end || iter_end <= iter_start)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS);
+		return dst;
+	}
+	dst = *ptr;
 	dst = erase(ptr, begin(ptr), end(ptr) + 1);
 	dst = reserve(&dst, (iter_end - iter_start));
 	for (size_t i = iter_start; i < iter_end; i++)
 	{
-		dst = push_back(&dst, at(iterator, (int)i));
+		dst = push_back(&dst, at(iterator, i));
 	}
 	return dst;
 }
@@ -414,12 +506,13 @@ assign(const Vec8_t* ptr, const Vec8_t* iterator, const size_t iter_start,
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 assign(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t amount, const char val)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
-		return create(nullptr, -1);
+		return create(nullptr, 0);
+	dst = *ptr;
 	dst = erase(&dst, begin(&dst), end(&dst) + 1);
 	dst = reserve(&dst, amount);
-	for (int i = 0; i < amount; i++)
+	for (size_t i = 0; i < amount; i++)
 	{
 		dst = push_back(&dst, val);
 	}
@@ -429,14 +522,19 @@ assign(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t amount, const char val)
 __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 insert(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter, const char val)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
 	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
 	{
 		return dst;
 	}
-	if (iter < 0)
+	if (ptr->max_size < ptr->size + 1)
 	{
-		LOGERROR(ERR_SIZE_ZERO);
+		LOGERROR(ERR_MAX_PASSED);
+		return dst;
+	}
+	if (iter > ptr->size)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS);
 		return dst;
 	}
 	dst = *ptr;
@@ -454,12 +552,18 @@ __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 insert(const Vec8_t* ptr, const size_t iter, const size_t amount,
        const char val)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
-	if (is_valid(ptr) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL || is_valid(ptr) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
+	if (is_valid(ptr) != SUCCESS)
 	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_NULL);
 		return dst;
 	}
-	if (iter < 0 || amount <= 0)
+	if (iter > ptr->size)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS);
+		return dst;
+	}
+	if (amount <= 0)
 	{
 		LOGERROR(ERR_SIZE_ZERO);
 		return dst;
@@ -476,13 +580,22 @@ __attribute__((overloadable)) Vec8_t
 insert(const Vec8_t* dst_vec, const Vec8_t* src_vec, const size_t iter,
        const size_t iter_start, const size_t iter_end)
 {
-	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, -1);
-	if (is_valid(dst_vec) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL ||
-	    is_valid(dst_vec) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	Vec8_t dst = create(nullptr, 0);
+	if (is_valid(dst_vec) != SUCCESS || is_valid(src_vec) != SUCCESS)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_NULL);
 		return dst;
-	if (is_valid(src_vec) == ERR_VECTOR_NULL ||
-	    is_valid(src_vec) == ERR_BUF_NULL)
+	}
+	if (iter_end > src_vec->size || iter > dst_vec->size)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS);
 		return dst;
+	}
+	if (dst_vec->arr == src_vec->arr)
+	{
+		LOGERROR(ERR_DOUBLE_BUF);
+		return dst;
+	}
 	dst = *dst_vec;
 	for (size_t i = iter_start; i < iter_end; i++)
 	{
diff --git a/src/main.c b/src/main.c
index 25d9888..75094a5 100644
--- a/src/main.c
+++ b/src/main.c
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@
  */
 /*
  * Types Wanted:
- *      Char
- *      Float
- *      Int
- *      String
+ *      Char 8 Bits
+ *      Float 32 Bits with suffix of 'f'
+ *      Int 32 bits
+ *      String 32 Bits with suffix of 's'
  */
 
 #include <stddef.h>
@@ -24,12 +24,17 @@ main()
 {
 	char ar1[] = { '1', '2', '3', '4' };
 	char ar2[] = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' };
-	Vec8_t v1 = create(ar1, find_len(ar1));
-	Vec8_t v2 = create(ar2, find_len(ar2));
+	// Vec8_t v1;
+	Vec8_t v1 = create(ar2, find_len(ar2));
 	// print_vec(&v1);
 	// printf("Hello\n");
 	// v1 = assign(&v1, &v2, 0, 1);
-	v1 = insert(&v1, 1, 5, 'a');
+	v1 = reserve(&v1, 9);
+	print_vec(&v1);
+	v1 = insert(&v1, 1, 'x');
+	v1 = resize(&v1, 12);
+	// v1 = insert(&v1, 1, 5, 'a');
+	// printf("%c", at(&v1, 1));
 	// printf("RESERVED SIZE: %zu", v1.max_size);
 	print_vec(&v1);
 	// v2 = resize(&v2, 3);
@@ -54,6 +59,6 @@ main()
 	// print_vec(&v1);
 	// printf("SIZE: %zu\n", v1.size);
 	delete(&v1);
-	delete(&v2);
+	// delete(&v2);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/src/utils.c b/src/utils.c
index a97d7ab..92a7a80 100644
--- a/src/utils.c
+++ b/src/utils.c
@@ -3,12 +3,10 @@
 const char* error_messages[] = {
 	[ERR_ALLOC_FAIL] = "Calloc :- Failed to allocate",
 	[ERR_BUF_NULL] = "Buffer :- NULL",
-	[ERR_BAD_TYPE] = "Type :- Does not match vector type",
 	[ERR_SIZE_ZERO] = "Size :- Size is or is less than 0 or invalid",
 	[ERR_VECTOR_NULL] = "Vector :- Given vector is null",
 	[ERR_MAX_PASSED] = "Max :- Vector Max value is overloaded",
 	[ERR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS] = "Bounds:- Value is out of bounds",
-
-	// [ERR_CREATION_FAIL] = "Buffer creation failed",
-	// [ERR_MALLOC_NULL] = "Malloc Failed to allocate",
+	[ERR_NULL] = "Null:- Vector or buffer is null",
+	[ERR_DOUBLE_BUF] = "Buffer :- Both buffers are copies of each other",
 };