REFACTOR: Completely refactored and fixed the error handling

Notes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+```mermaid
+flowchart TD
+    Start([Function Called]) --> CheckErr{Did an error occur?}
+
+    %% Error path
+    CheckErr -->|Yes| PushBit["Bitwise OR error code into err<br/>err |= ERROR_BIT"]
+    PushBit --> CheckOrigin{Is origin == NULL?}
+    CheckOrigin -->|Yes| SetOrigin["Record location in origin<br/>origin = __func__ / __FILE__"]
+    CheckOrigin -->|No| KeepOrigin[Preserve original root cause]
+
+    SetOrigin --> ReturnStruct
+    KeepOrigin --> ReturnStruct
+
+    %% Success / Normal path
+    CheckErr -->|No| ComputeValue["Write computation result<br/>value = result"]
+    ComputeValue --> ReturnStruct
+
+    ReturnStruct(["Return / Pass Out _err_t"]) --> Caller{Caller Inspection}
+
+    Caller -->|Check errors| InspectBits[Inspect bit flags in err]
+    Caller -->|Read payload| ReadValue[Access value data]
+    Caller -->|Debug / Log| PrintOrigin[Print root cause origin]
+```